Australia has had 25 Prime Ministers, three of them - Deakin, Fisher & Menzies - led the nation more than once. The longest continuous term served was 16 years, 1 month, and 7 days by Robert Menzies, the shortest terms were Francis Forde 7 days; Earle Page 19 days; John McEwan 22 days and Arthur Fadden 39 days.
John Watson was the youngest, taking office at the age of 37.
| 1 | Edmond Barton | 51 | 1901-1903 | Protectionist |
| 2 | Alfred Deakin | 47 | 1903-1904 | Protectionist |
| 3 | John Watson | 37 | 1904 | Labor |
| 4 | George Reid | 59 | 1905 | Free Trade |
| 5 | Alfred Deakin | 48 | 1905-1908 | Protectionist |
| 6 | Andrew Fisher | 46 | 1908-1909 | Labor |
| 7 | Alfred Deakin | 52 | 1909-1910 | Fusion |
| 8 | Andrew Fisher | 47 | 1910-1913 | Labor |
| 9 | Joseph Cook | 52 | 1913-1914 | Liberal |
| 10 | Andrew Fisher | 52 | 1914-1915 | Labor |
| 11 | William Hughes | 47 | 1915-1923 | Nationalist |
| 12 | Stanley Bruce | 47 | 1923-1929 | Nationalist |
| 13 | James Scullin | 47 | 1929-1932 | Labor |
| 14 | Joseph Lyons | 47 | 1932-1939 | United |
| 15 | Earle Page | 47 | 1939 | Country |
| 16 | Robert Menzies | 47 | 1939-1941 | United |
| 17 | Arther Fadden | 47 | 1941 | Country |
| 18 | John Curtin | 47 | 1941-1945 | Labor |
| 19 | Francis Forde | 47 | 1945 | Labor |
| 20 | Joseph Chifley | 47 | 1945-1949 | Labor |
| 21 | Robert Menzies | 47 | 1949-1966 | Liberal |
| 22 | Harold Holt | 47 | 1966-1967 | Liberal |
| 23 | John McEwan | 47 | 1967-1968 | Country |
| 24 | John Gorton | 47 | 1968-1971 | Liberal |
| 25 | William McMahon | 47 | 1971-1972 | Liberal |
| 26 | Gough Whitlam | 47 | 1972-1975 | Labor |
| 27 | Malcolm Fraser | 47 | 1975-1983 | Libral |
| 28 | Robert J. Hawke | ?? | 1983-1991 | Labor |
| 29 | Paul Keating | ?? | 1991-1996 | Labor |
| 30 | John Howard | ?? | 1996 - | Liberal |